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station this is houston are you ready

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houston station we are ready for the

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vintage high school this is mission

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control houston please call station for

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a voice check station this is principal

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mike pearson here with students from

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hey principal pearson i hear you loud

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and clear from the international space

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station

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kate good morning and the rest of the

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crew of the international space station

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participating in expedition 49

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welcome to the home of the crushers

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guess what kate we're in the little

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theater right now i bet you remember

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that uh the vintage student staff

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special guest and i are extremely

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blessed to have this opportunity to

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speak with you today not only are we

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honored to talk with an astronaut

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currently on the international space

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station but we are also very grateful to

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share this time with an alumnus of

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vintage high school you're an amazing

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role model for vintage students and we

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are very privileged to share this time

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with you i want to introduce jen

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castellazo now who is the science

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good morning kate and welcome

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our vintage high school students are

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eager to ask their questions and listen

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to and reflect upon your answers so

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without further ado

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hi kate my name is kaylee ernst and i

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was wondering what is it like to look at

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hey kaley that is a great question and

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that's actually one of the things that's

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been the most surprising and amazing to

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me about space flight you see a lot of

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photographs or even videos or movies

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about space but it was so surprising to

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me what the earth actually looks like

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it really looks like a planet it's

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almost glowing it's so bright uh when we

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take photography we really have to

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adjust our settings and it's beautiful

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and the day passes we love to watch the

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the

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continents go over

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the horizon is kind of shining and

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glimmering and during the night passes

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you can actually see entire continents

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worth of thunderstorms up here

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um hello my name is diego leyva and i'm

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a junior's sophomore here in vintage

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high school and my question is on your

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journeys to becoming a space researcher

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uh did you have any troubles or doubts

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i think that's a great question because

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we always have some troubles and some

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doubts and it's been a long career

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getting to the international space

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station and so of course there were

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times along the way where i thought you

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know i can't do this as a researcher or

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i can't do this as an astronaut but if

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you kind of keep your head down and just

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keep plugging away it's actually pretty

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amazing where you end up you guys may

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even find yourself on the space station

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one day

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hi kate my name is yoko katahira ables

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and i'm a junior here at vintage so my

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question was were you nervous or worried

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about installing the international

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docking adapter and did you fear that

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we actually weren't that worried about

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any problems that we would have on the

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spacewalk because we know that the

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ground teams have thought about all of

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the different kinds of things that could

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go wrong so they actually have

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brainstorming

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sessions where they sit down and try to

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think of every possible contingency and

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how to solve them and we did encounter

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some difficulties out there with the

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connectors but due to the really really

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excellent planning and the ground teams

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part we just work through all of the

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problems but i do i do uh think that i

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breathe the pretty big sigh of relief

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when the docking adapter was finally

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installed on the front of space station

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hi kate my name is gunnar de young i'm a

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sophomore here at vintage high school

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and my question to you is this

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what's the most burdensome task you had

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to complete

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to accomplish your duties onboard the

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so i get asked that a lot what's the

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hard part about this job and my answer

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is both everything is hard and nothing

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is hard

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we're having so much fun up here that

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just every single activity in the day is

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so fascinating i'll give you a couple

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examples today we sequence the one

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billionth base pair of dna we started

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out in expedition 48 at zero base pairs

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of dna we established the sequencer on

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board and we've gotten to a billion base

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pairs of dna already so i'm a genomics

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background i get really excited about

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that kind of stuff

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my crewmate takuya and the ground teams

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launched two satellites from the space

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station today we actually got to see

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those pass under us so when you have

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those kinds of activities i don't think

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that there's really anything that gets

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that's awesome thanks kate

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hi kate my name is ryan and i'm subbing

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in for somebody

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i'm a sophomore and my question is

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what is your least favorite thing about

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that's kind of an easy one there's

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nothing everything is pretty fantastic

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up here

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being in space is amazing just even

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little daily things like floating around

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or trying to eat breakfast when

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everything floats away

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it's all kind of a source of of wonder

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and

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constant fascination because it feels

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like the laws of physics have totally

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changed up here when you're floating

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hello kate my name's cutler low and i'm

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a freshman here at vintage and my

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question to you is how is the

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development of space research advanced

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iss has had a long history and it's been

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flying for 16 years but even before that

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folks were doing development work for

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space biology and of course we had a

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long space biology program on shuttle

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and mir so we actually have quite a

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history in this field what space station

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has done to advance it is it's an

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orbiting laboratory so you can see all

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around me in the lab we have equipment

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we have scientific experiments going on

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the astronauts take part in a lot of

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experiments actually as human research

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subjects and then we do a lot of

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experiments as well and so the kinds of

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advances that we've made are

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particularly in things like material

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science trying to understand

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how we're going to go beyond low earth

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orbit what we need to do in order to

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explore beyond our planet as well as

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biological science and human research

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cellular and molecular biology i might

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be a little biased because that's my

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field but i think that's just absolutely

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taking off right now and we're starting

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to see exponential increases in the

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kinds of research and the uh amount of

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research that we're getting out of the

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space station

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hi kate michael uh my name is cole

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geshwinder and my question is while

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working with heart cells in space what

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that's a great question at the heart

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cells was a fascinating experiment i

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hope you guys got to take a look a

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little bit at some of the images and the

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videos coming down from that we saw

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cardiomyocytes the heart cells actually

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beating in space for the first time and

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one of the hardest challenges with that

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is keeping everything sterile so we have

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a special facility that's a glove box

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where we can keep everything clean but

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it's a little bit of a high risk if you

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get one tiny microbe in there it could

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ruin your whole experiment so i felt a

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lot of pressure to make sure that i kept

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everything perfectly sterile and

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perfectly clean for the researchers

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hello kate my name's angel diaz i'm a

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freshman here at vintage high school and

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my question for you today is do you

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think that if the heart sales react in a

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positive way that we could potentially

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i think so there's a lot of things that

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we're learning from the fundamental

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research that we do up here and the

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heart cells culture was a demonstration

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of how we can do cell culture on orbit

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it's also potentially going to lead to

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some understanding of how these heart

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cells behave in microgravity so the

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researchers are studying a number of

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different parameters and i think we're

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going to learn a lot about the effects

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on cell culture and potentially we can

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draw some conclusions about

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cardiovascular systems we also have a

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huge research component that's studying

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humans we're the lab rats up here and we

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have quite a number of studies that are

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looking at our cardiovascular systems as

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a whole on board and so we're just

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getting a ton of results out of all of

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these different kinds of studies

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hi kate my name is madison fernandez and

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i am a freshman here at vintage

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my question to you is can your tests

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help prevent cardiovascular disease on

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yeah ideally we would like to learn more

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about cardiovascular function and that's

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one of the fascinating things about

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space flight is that normally all of the

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fluid that would get drawn down into

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your legs floats upward and it's called

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fluid shifts and that actually has an

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effect on cardiovascular function so we

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can use space flight as a variable to

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start to help us start to understand a

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little bit more about heart function the

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other thing that was really fascinating

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about the cell experiments is those

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actually use

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reprogrammed stem cells so those are

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adult stem cells

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that are programmed to make them behave

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like heart cells and that technology in

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general is how we're learning a lot

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about

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all kinds of different cell types

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including heart cells and potentially

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cardiovascular disease

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hi kate my name is samantha garcia and

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my question for you is have you

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discovered anything unexpected during

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your experimental process

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if so what and will it affect your

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yeah and that's one of the best things

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about being a scientist is that you can

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do some experiments some things

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unexpectedly happen and a lot of times

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in science that's how we learn a lot

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that's how we make breakthroughs in the

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field and so one of the things that's

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been really interesting and unexpected

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for me is just how fluids behave in

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microgravity and so you can see this all

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the time we drink our water out of a

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drink bag

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and you can make bubbles of water and

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the way that these fluids behave in

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microgravity to me is very unexpected so

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one of the key things that i'd like to

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take a look at is actually how very

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small amounts of fluids behave and how

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they're influenced by the types of

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material that those fluids are sticking

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to

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hi kate my name is lindsay newberry and

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i'm a senior here at vintage and i was

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just wondering what other work besides

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molecular biology do you work on like do

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you

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work on engineering and regulating the

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we do we do all of the station

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maintenance up here so we actually get a

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lot of training on how to do maintenance

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it's kind of the same thing as it would

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be working on your car or building a

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radio in your garage at home and we have

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great folks at johnson space center that

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train us how to do all that maintenance

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so for example just this morning on the

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left hand side we're working on

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installing a payload and we're doing a

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bunch of maintenance to install that

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payload and right before i talk to you

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guys we were working on the oxygen

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recharge system so on the space station

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we recycle all of our air and in our

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water but every now and then we need a

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little bit of recharge of oxygen and so

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one of the things that we do as

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maintenance is to install new tanks of

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oxygen up here so you have to be a

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little bit of everything you're a

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scientist in the morning maybe and a

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plumber or an electrician in the evening

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hi kate my name is connor castellazo and

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i'm a 10th grader here at vintage and my

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question is um

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since you're weightless it seems like it

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would be hard to control your movements

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and where you're going so do you ever

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get any bumps or bruises while you're

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yeah you have to be careful not to fly

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head first into a hatchway and

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we notice that new astronauts do that a

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lot when they launch themselves through

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the module they're used to accounting

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for the natural pull of gravity and so

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they launch a little bit high like you'd

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throw a ball in an arc that's not a good

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idea up here on space station because

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you're going to go straight in whatever

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vector you launch in but you do learn

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within just a couple weeks

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how you can move yourself around from

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place to place so you can go you can

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bounce off the walls you can flip upside

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down you learn almost naturally and

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intuitively how to do that

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hi kate my name is emily gallard and i'm

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a senior here at vintage i was curious

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do you notice if your body is unable to

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take on as much physical demands as it

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could while on earth is sleep

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yeah that's a great question and there's

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a lot of people at nasa that study

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things like human performance and how we

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can get the maximum amount of

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performance out of astronauts and human

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beings in general one of the things that

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we do do up here is a lot of exercise

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it's really important in maintaining our

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bone and our muscle health so we work

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out two and a half hours a day

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i really like working out on earth so

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it's actually pretty fun for me to be

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able to do that and it's really

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critically important for our bone and

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muscle mass

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i do notice that we actually have better

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recovery up here so something on the

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ground that would be really hard like a

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track workout sprinting or a crossfit

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workout that would leave me really tired

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on the ground i wake up the next morning

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and i'm ready to go again so i think

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there's something about floating and

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being in weightlessness that actually

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leads to better recovery and to better

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sleep for me

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hi kate my name is martha royal and i

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was just wondering if there's a

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difference in how your body reacts to

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exercise and zero gravity than here on

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yeah so uh when we're doing all of this

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exercise up here we do notice something

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on earth which with which is different

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than on earth which is um the fact that

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on earth a lot of times you get some

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stabilization from gravity up here

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you're on a pivot point and so you learn

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really quickly exactly where to put that

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bar on your shoulders you almost have to

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have perfect form when you're doing

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exercises up here i like it because it

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forces you to be a little bit better at

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all of your exercises but it's very

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different from from gravity where you

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can kind of cheat a little bit by having

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a stable platform

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and in terms of sweating it's kind of

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interesting it it just sort of collects

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and it'll end up pooling on your face or

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pooling on your body so we always have a

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towel handy to dab off because the sweat

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will just kind of go along your skin

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when you're working out really hard up

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here

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hi kate my name is alexis bettencourt

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and i was wondering if you ever get

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homesick and if you do what do you do

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we're always thinking about our family

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and our friends up here and uh one thing

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i've noticed about being far away from

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home in a remote area i used to do a lot

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of work in africa is that you do think

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about home a lot more you take it for

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granted when you're when you're around

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and you're at home and you're with your

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loved ones but when you're far away

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particularly in a really remote area you

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do find yourself thinking about it

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and i will notice when we go over

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california

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i'll wave a little bit at everybody down

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there or when we go over houston that's

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where my husband lives i always like to

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look out the window and see us flying

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over those cities

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hi kate i'm andrea cohen i was wondering

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if there's any vintage courses that help

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00:17:06,549 --> 00:17:00,480
you become an astronaut or inspired you

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yeah and i would say actually all of

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them i mean it's amazing to me the

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things that i learned in school that are

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really coming home to roost here one of

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my examples is geography i maybe didn't

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pay so much attention to continents or

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cities or capitals you really pay

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attention to that when you can actually

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see it from above so you see the shapes

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of all continents you can see the entire

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united states in one glance i constantly

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find myself looking out the window and

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thinking

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is that morocco

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oh man okay that's the the southern part

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of india there you can see all these

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recognizable shapes even things like

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languages is incredibly important up

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00:17:51,669 --> 00:17:50,320
here we uh converse in both russian and

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in english

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with our crewmates and so the ability to

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00:17:58,230 --> 00:17:56,000
learn a second language is critical of

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00:17:59,909 --> 00:17:58,240
course science and the math are are some

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00:18:02,070 --> 00:17:59,919
of the fundamental things that we're

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00:18:04,710 --> 00:18:02,080
doing up here but all of these other

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00:18:06,630 --> 00:18:04,720
things really come into play so my

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00:18:08,150 --> 00:18:06,640
message to you guys is pay attention in

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00:18:09,270 --> 00:18:08,160
school because you never know what

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00:18:11,270 --> 00:18:09,280
you're going to need and when you're

438
00:18:12,830 --> 00:18:11,280
going to need it

439
00:18:16,150 --> 00:18:12,840
thank

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00:18:17,430 --> 00:18:16,160
you hi kay i'm jessica joharo and i was

441
00:18:23,350 --> 00:18:17,440
wondering what is the most difficult

442
00:18:27,669 --> 00:18:25,350
so there's actually a lot of things that

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00:18:29,750 --> 00:18:27,679
are challenging to control for in space

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00:18:32,549 --> 00:18:29,760
what we want to do with our experiments

445
00:18:34,470 --> 00:18:32,559
is isolate microgravity as a variable

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00:18:36,789 --> 00:18:34,480
and so there's all kinds of ways that

447
00:18:39,590 --> 00:18:36,799
you can set up to make sure that your

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00:18:41,510 --> 00:18:39,600
system is just looking at microgravity

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00:18:43,750 --> 00:18:41,520
one of the ways that we do that is to

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take every single experiment and run an

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00:18:48,549 --> 00:18:46,000
identical control on the ground so

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00:18:50,549 --> 00:18:48,559
oftentimes researchers at the same time

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00:18:52,950 --> 00:18:50,559
that we're doing an experiment on board

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00:18:55,270 --> 00:18:52,960
are doing that exact same experiment on

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the ground and in that way you can make

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00:18:59,990 --> 00:18:57,039
sure that everything in your system is

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00:19:02,789 --> 00:19:00,000
identical with the exception of for

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00:19:05,590 --> 00:19:02,799
onboard microgravity

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00:19:11,350 --> 00:19:07,590
hi kate we have time for just one more

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hi kate my name is madison castellazo

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00:19:17,029 --> 00:19:15,440
and um since mr pierce is now a

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00:19:18,870 --> 00:19:17,039
principal we were just wondering what he

463
00:19:21,029 --> 00:19:18,880
was like as a teacher and if you can

464
00:19:26,150 --> 00:19:21,039
remember anything funny from his health

465
00:19:31,190 --> 00:19:28,710
i love that question mr pearson was a

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00:19:32,950 --> 00:19:31,200
great teacher he was a really really

467
00:19:35,590 --> 00:19:32,960
excellent teacher for me

468
00:19:37,510 --> 00:19:35,600
i still remember his class what i can

469
00:19:40,549 --> 00:19:37,520
tell you is that he was also our soccer

470
00:19:43,510 --> 00:19:40,559
coach and he made us run laps so when

471
00:19:46,070 --> 00:19:43,520
you guys are uh doing your pe or running

472
00:19:49,430 --> 00:19:46,080
your laps uh you can thank mr pearson

473
00:19:52,549 --> 00:19:49,440
for keeping you in excellent health

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00:19:54,150 --> 00:19:52,559
all right thank you

475
00:19:55,990 --> 00:19:54,160
kate this is mike pearson again thank

476
00:19:57,830 --> 00:19:56,000
you so much for being here i want to see

477
00:19:59,590 --> 00:19:57,840
a vc flag on that spaceship here pretty

478
00:20:01,430 --> 00:19:59,600
soon so please make sure that happens

479
00:20:03,350 --> 00:20:01,440
and i noticed a little bit of a of a

480
00:20:05,990 --> 00:20:03,360
houston twang there that's new i like

481
00:20:07,350 --> 00:20:06,000
that uh so one on behalf of vintage high

482
00:20:09,510 --> 00:20:07,360
school thank you so much for being for

483
00:20:11,430 --> 00:20:09,520
hosting us today this truly is a once in

484
00:20:12,870 --> 00:20:11,440
a lifetime experience uh for all of us

485
00:20:14,950 --> 00:20:12,880
and you've showed all of us that we too

486
00:20:16,710 --> 00:20:14,960
can achieve our dreams uh you might not

487
00:20:17,909 --> 00:20:16,720
know this but we affectionately refer to

488
00:20:20,070 --> 00:20:17,919
vintage as the best school in the

489
00:20:21,510 --> 00:20:20,080
universe uh today thanks to you we are

490
00:20:24,149 --> 00:20:21,520
not only the best school in the universe

491
00:20:25,430 --> 00:20:24,159
but the luckiest school in the universe

492
00:20:26,870 --> 00:20:25,440
and when you leave the space station

493
00:20:28,149 --> 00:20:26,880
please make sure to come back to vintage

494
00:20:32,549 --> 00:20:28,159
high school so we can host you for a

495
00:20:36,710 --> 00:20:34,710
absolutely and it was really a joy a

496
00:20:38,390 --> 00:20:36,720
complete pleasure to talk to all the

497
00:20:41,350 --> 00:20:38,400
students at vintage high school today

498
00:20:57,990 --> 00:20:41,360
and i just want to say go crushers

499
00:21:06,230 --> 00:21:00,789
station this is houston acr

500
00:21:06,240 --> 00:21:09,350
thank you houston

501
00:21:12,149 --> 00:21:10,789
thank you to all participants and guests

502
00:21:13,510 --> 00:21:12,159
from vintage high school you had some

503
00:21:15,110 --> 00:21:13,520
really great questions we are now